{"language_default":"de","language_more":[],"ikmk_id":"964","eLearning_completed":"0","primary_source_id":"0","title":"Elagabalus","inventory_number":"MO-01182","activated":"yes","item":{"ikmk_item_id":"1","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/item\/1","item_de":"M\u00fcnze","item_en":"Coin","item_nomisma":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/coin"},"permalink":"https:\/\/hamburger-kunsthalle.ikmk.net\/object?id=ID964","permalink_source":"","publisher":{"ikmk_publisher_id":104,"ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/owner\/104","publisher_name":"Hamburger Kunsthalle","publisher_isil":"http:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/organisations\/DE-MUS-059210","publisher_isil_short":"DE-MUS-059210","UID":"http:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/organisations\/DE-MUS-059210\/ID964","legalBodyWeblink":"https:\/\/www.hamburger-kunsthalle.de\/","nomisma_address":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/hamburger_kunsthalle","author":"Ziegert, Martin"},"owner":{"ikmk_owner_id":"104","owner_name":"Hamburger Kunsthalle","owner_isil":"http:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/organisations\/DE-MUS-059210","owner_isil_short":"DE-MUS-059210","owner_www_address":"https:\/\/www.hamburger-kunsthalle.de\/","nomisma_address":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/hamburger_kunsthalle","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/owner\/104","owner_type":{"de":"Eigentum","en":"Property","ikmk_type_id":"2","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/status_of_property\/2"}},"ikmk_status_id":"7","status":{"de":"vorhanden","en":"present","ikmk_status_id":"7","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/object_status\/7"},"nominal":{"ikmk_nominal_id":"729","nominal_de":"Denar (ANT)","nominal_en":"Denarius (ANT)","nominal_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/denarius","nominal_gnd_id":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4257529-1","info_de":"","info_en":"","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/denomination\/729"},"date_last":"2026-07-31 16:57:04","coin_status":[{"ikmk_coin_status_id":"29","coin_status_name_de":"Antike Herrscherpr\u00e4gung","coin_status_name_en":"Ancient Ruler's issue","coin_status_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/ruler","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/class_status\/29"}],"mint":[{"ikmk_country_id":"25","country_ndp_url":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/country\/25","country_name_de":"Italien","country_name_en":"Italy","country_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/italian_republic","country_geoname_id":"http:\/\/www.geonames.org\/3175395","ikmk_region_id":"263","region_ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/region\/263","region_name_de":"Italia","region_name_en":"Italia","region_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/greek_italy","region_geoname_id":"","ikmk_mint_id":"678","mint_ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/location\/678","mint_name":"Rom","mint_name_de":"Rom","mint_name_en":"Rome","mint_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/rome","mint_geoname_id":"http:\/\/www.geonames.org\/3169070"}],"material":{"ikmk_material_id":"1","material_name_de":"Silber","material_name_en":"Silver","material_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/ar","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/material\/1"},"diameter":"21 mm","die_axis":"7 h","weight":"3.16 g","accession":"","access_year":"","access_type":{"ikmk_access_type_id":"6","access_type_name":"Zugang ungekl\u00e4rt","access_type_nomisma_id":"","access_type_concept_id":"","ndp_uir":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/accession\/6"},"provenienz_extern":"Provenienzforschung ausstehend. \r\nHaben Sie Fragen, Kritik, Anregungen, weiterf\u00fchrende Informationen? Bitte richten Sie eine Nachricht an Dr. Ute Haug unter ute.haug[at]hamburger-kunsthalle.de.\r\n***\r\nProvenance research pending.\r\nDo you have questions, criticism, suggestions, and further information? Please send a message to Dr. Ute Haug at ute.haug[at]hamburger-kunsthalle.de.","acquisition_date":"","avers":{"leg_trans":"Imperator Antoninus Pius Augustus","leg_text":"IMP ANTONINVS - PIVS AVG","image_description":"Gepanzerte B\u00fcste des Elagabalus mit Lorbeerkranz, Horn und umgelegtem Mantel (paludamentum) in der Brustansicht nach rechts. Perlkreis.","foto_date":"2022-06-10","photographer":{"ikmk_photographer_id":"2","photographer_name":"Martin Ziegert","photographer_gnd":"https:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1215111827","photographer_viaf":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/317172704"},"path_thumbnail":"https:\/\/hamburger-kunsthalle.ikmk.net\/image\/ID964\/vs_opt.jpg","path_opt":"https:\/\/hamburger-kunsthalle.ikmk.net\/image\/ID964\/vs_opt.jpg","path_opt_rel":"\/var\/www\/vhosts\/ikmk.net\/httpdocs\/hamburger-kunsthalle.ikmk.net\/mk-edit\/images\/n0\/964\/vs_opt.jpg","path":"https:\/\/hamburger-kunsthalle.ikmk.net\/image\/ID964\/vs_org.jpg","path_org":"https:\/\/hamburger-kunsthalle.ikmk.net\/image\/ID964\/vs_org.jpg","image_timestamp":1654847755,"copyright":{"short":"PDM 1.0","url":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/","de":"Bilddateien sind <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Hamburger Kunsthalle, ID964. Aufnahme durch Martin Ziegert.","en":"Image files are licensed&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Hamburger Kunsthalle, ID964. Photographs by Martin Ziegert."}},"revers":{"leg_trans":"Invictus Sacerdos Augustus","leg_text":"INVICTVS SACERDOS AVG","image_description":"Der Kaiser im syrischen Priestergewand steht in der Vorderansicht, den Kopf nach links gewandt. Mit der rechten Hand h\u00e4lt er eine Opferschale (patera) \u00fcber einem dreibeinigen, entfalmmten Altar und mit der linken Hand einen Zweig. Rechts am Boden liegt ein Horn [hier schwach zu erkennen]. Im linken Feld ist ein Stern. Perlkreis.","foto_date":"2022-06-10","photographer":{"ikmk_photographer_id":"2","photographer_name":"Martin Ziegert","photographer_gnd":"https:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1215111827","photographer_viaf":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/317172704"},"path_thumbnail":"https:\/\/hamburger-kunsthalle.ikmk.net\/image\/ID964\/rs_opt.jpg","path_opt":"https:\/\/hamburger-kunsthalle.ikmk.net\/image\/ID964\/rs_opt.jpg","path_opt_rel":"\/var\/www\/vhosts\/ikmk.net\/httpdocs\/hamburger-kunsthalle.ikmk.net\/mk-edit\/images\/n0\/964\/rs_opt.jpg","path":"https:\/\/hamburger-kunsthalle.ikmk.net\/image\/ID964\/rs_org.jpg","path_org":"https:\/\/hamburger-kunsthalle.ikmk.net\/image\/ID964\/rs_org.jpg","image_timestamp":1654847767,"copyright":{"short":"PDM 1.0","url":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/","de":"Bilddateien sind <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Hamburger Kunsthalle, ID964. Aufnahme durch Martin Ziegert.","en":"Image files are licensed&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Hamburger Kunsthalle, ID964. Photographs by Martin Ziegert."}},"division":{"ikmk_division_id":"1","division_name_de":"Antike","division_name_en":"Antiquity"},"sub_division":{"ikmk_subdivision_id":"3","subdivision_name_de":"R\u00f6mische Kaiserzeit","subdivision_name_en":"Roman Imperial period"},"literatur":"R. Postel, Katalog der antiken M\u00fcnzen in der Hamburger Kunsthalle (1976) Nr. 1182; H. B\u00f6rger, Die antiken M\u00fcnzen und die Medaillen der Kunsthalle zu Hamburg ([1921]) Nr. 165. Vgl. RIC IV-2 Nr. 87 (dort ohne Panzer).","comment":"Das Horn ist ein G\u00f6tterattribut, das die Sonnenstrahlen symbolisieren soll, die von Elagabals Kopf ausgehen.","period":{"ikmk_period_id":"4","name_de":"R\u00f6mische Kaiserzeit","name_en":"Roman Imperial period","description_de":"Die Zeit zwischen dem Ende des Hellenismus mit der Eroberung \u00c4gyptens durch Rom im Jahre 30 v. und dem Regierungsantritt des Diocletianus 284 n. Chr.","description_en":"The period between the end of Hellenism in 30 BC (conquest of Alexandria) and the accession of Diocletianus in AD 284.","concept_id":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300020541","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/period\/4"},"year_start":"218","year_end":"222","date_verbal":"218-222 n. Chr.","year_islam":"0","references":[{"ikmk_referenz_id":40,"souce":"RIC IV-2 Elagabalus","number":"0087","similar":"1"},{"ikmk_referenz_id":575,"souce":"Postel, Kunsthalle","number":"1182","similar":"0"},{"ikmk_referenz_id":577,"souce":"B\u00f6rger, Kunsthalle","number":"165","similar":"0"}],"type_references":{"1602":"http:\/\/numismatics.org\/ocre\/id\/ric.4.el.87"},"manufacturing":[{"ikmk_manufacturing_id":"21","manufacturing_name_de":"gepr\u00e4gt","manufacturing_name_en":"struck","nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/struck","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/manufacture\/21"}],"linked_persons_corporations":{"54":{"ikmk_type_id":"54","type_name_de":"Dargestellte\/r","type_name_en":"Sitter","type_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/portrait","type_concept_id":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300189844","ndp_id":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/type_for_person_and_corporation\/54","items":{"557":{"ikmk_person_id":"557","title_de":null,"first_name_de":null,"last_name_de":"Elagabalus","vitalDates":"um 203-222 n. 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Jh. v. Chr.-3. Jh.","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/7512142-6","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300020541"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"69","keyword_de":"Silber","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4133759-1","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/www.nomisma.org\/id\/ar"}],"timeline_themes":[{"ikmk_timeline_id":"52","timeline_item":"Von Commodus zu den Severern","description":"Die Erhebung seines eigenen Sohnes Commodus zum Augustus im Jahr 177 n. Chr. durch Marcus Aurelius erwies sich als Fehlgriff. Dessen Regierungszeit von 180-192 endete mit der Ermordung des Commodus und st\u00fcrzte das Land in den B\u00fcrgerkrieg. Durchsetzen konnte sich der Provinzstatthalter von Pannonien Septimius Severus (193-211). Die ihm folgenden Herrscher, angefangen mit seinem Sohn Caracalla (211-217), \u00fcber Elagabalus (218-222), der sich gegen Macrinus (217\/218 n. Chr.) durchsetzen mu\u00dfte, bis hin zu Severus Alexander (222-235) legitimierten sich mit Hinweis auf die Herkunft von den Severern.","year_from":"180","year_until":"235","autor":"Weisser, Bernhard"},{"ikmk_timeline_id":"9","timeline_item":"Geldentwertung im 3. Jahrhundert n. Chr.","description":"Im Verlauf des dritten Jhs. n. Chr. wird die zunehmende finanzielle Krise des r\u00f6mischen Staates auch anhand des gepr\u00e4gten Geldes in dramatischer Weise sichtbar. Steigende Ausgaben insbesondere f\u00fcr das Milit\u00e4r standen einem schwindenden Edelmetallzuflu\u00df gegen\u00fcber. Neben der Einf\u00fchrung neuen Geldes (also einer M\u00fcnzreform) konnte diesem Problem lediglich durch die Verschlechterung des M\u00fcnzgeldes mittels einer Minderung von Gewicht und Feingehalt entgegengewirkt werden. Beginnend mit der Zeit der Severischen Dynastie (193\u2013235 n. Chr.), vor allem aber nach ungef\u00e4hr 253 n. Chr. nahm der Silbergehalt von Denaren und Doppeldenaren dramatisch ab, ein Tiefstand mit nur noch 2 % wurde zwischen dem Beginn der Alleinherrschaft des Gallienus 260 und der Regierung des Aurelianus (270\u2013275 n. Chr.) erreicht. Auch der Aureus hatte mittlerweile zunehmend an Gewicht verloren und b\u00fc\u00dfte seine feste Bindung an die Silberw\u00e4hrung ein (25 Denare entsprachen \u00fcblicherweise einem Aureus). Mit dieser Abwertung des Edelmetallgeldes ging auch der Niedergang der M\u00fcnzen aus Bronze einher; ebenso wird das st\u00e4dtische Kleingeld im Osten des r\u00f6mischen Reiches in dieser Zeit eingestellt. Erste Reformen durch Aurelianus 274 n. Chr. stellten den Feingehalt des goldenen Aureus wieder her, das feste Umrechnungsverh\u00e4ltnis in Denaren wurde aber dauerhaft aufgegeben; Goldm\u00fcnzen werden nunmehr zum Tageskurs gehandelt. Weitere Versuche, eine neue Silberw\u00e4hrung zu etablieren, erfolgen unter Diocletianus und sp\u00e4teren Kaisern. Das r\u00f6mische W\u00e4hrungssystem diente nun insbesondere zu Zwecken der Steuerzahlung und der Alimentierung der Staatsverwaltung und des Milit\u00e4rs; es st\u00fctzte sich immer mehr auf eine Goldw\u00e4hrung, w\u00e4hrend Silber- und Scheidem\u00fcnzen nur noch eine Nebenrolle spielen.","year_from":"200","year_until":"293","autor":"Dahmen, Karsten"}],"text_right":{"short":"CC BY-SA 4.0","icon":"https:\/\/licensebuttons.net\/l\/by-sa\/4.0\/80x15.png","url":{"de":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.de","en":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.en"},"label":{"de":"Creative Commons Namensnennung - Weitergabe unter gleichen Bedingungen 4.0 International","en":"Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International"},"string":{"de":"Texte und Beschreibungen in diesem Online-Katalog stehen unter einer <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a> Lizenz.","en":"Texts and descriptions of this catalogue are licensed <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a>."}},"lod_right":{"short":"PDM 1.0","icon":"https:\/\/licensebuttons.net\/p\/zero\/1.0\/80x15.png","url":{"de":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de","en":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en"},"label":{"de":"Public Domain Mark 1.0","en":"Public Domain Mark 1.0"},"string":{"de":"Verwendete LOD-Identifikatoren sind <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">PDM 1.0<\/a>.","en":"LOD ids used are licensed <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>."}},"image_restriction_id":0,"image_restriction":"free","image_right":{"short":"PDM 1.0","icon":"https:\/\/licensebuttons.net\/p\/zero\/1.0\/80x15.png","url":{"de":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de","en":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en"},"label":{"de":"Public Domain Mark 1.0","en":"Public Domain Mark 1.0"}}}